“Scoliosis and other spine disorders in children such as Scoliosis, kyphosis, spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis, torticollis can be idiopathic (of unknown origin), congenital (present at birth) or neuromuscular (related to nerves and muscles).   Scoliosis – a sideways curvature of the spine that may affect in any one or a combination of its three major sections:  cervical spine (neck) or thoracic spine (chest and upper back region) or lumbar spine (lower back).

John S. Blanco, MD; Shevaun Mackie Doyle, MD; Roger F. Widmann, MD for Hospital of Special Surgery in Manhattan, NY.