“The start of summer is the perfect time to gather with family and friends for good food and fun times. This year, celebrate the adoption of the Declaration of Independence safely. Our July 4th safety tips cover a few key summer safety topics to help keep you and your family safe this Independence Day.

Fireworks cause over 19,000 fires every year. Take the proper precautions when operating fireworks.

• Never disassemble or try to make your own fireworks.
• Don’t point sparklers, or fireworks at yourself or others, especially when lighting them.
• Only light fireworks on the ground and in areas that are dry and fire-resistant.
• Don’t attempt to ignite fireworks at the same time.
• Never allow young children to handle fireworks or sparklers to prevent firework-related injuries.
• Always keep a portable fire extinguisher close by. Also, keep a water hose or buckets of water nearby to put out fires.
• If fireworks malfunction, don’t relight them! Douse and soak malfunctioning fireworks with water then throw them away.
• Resist the urge to bring your dog to a fireworks display. The safest place for them is at home where it’s familiar, quiet and not crowded.

Never allow young children to handle fireworks or sparklers to prevent firework-related injuries. Sparklers are hot enough to cause severe burns if mishandled.”

ADT (https://www.adt.com/resources/4th-of-july-safety-tips)

This 4th of July there is safety in general whether at home or going out.

Regarding in the water:

As July is one of the hottest months of the year, many families turn to water activities to beat the heat. However, even fun water activities have serious risks if the proper precautions aren’t taken.

• Review safe boating practices.
• Never consume alcohol while driving a boat.
• Before boating, always check that there are enough life preservers on hand for every passenger.
• Set water safety rules for your family, especially if there’s a young child.
• Keep a first aid kit near the pool.
• Pool Security-Many people don’t consider the security of their hot tub or pool, but to keep your guests and family members safe, you need more than just constant supervision. This is why an outdoor home camera system is one great way to ensure that everyone keeps having fun and stays safe but better than that is always an adult taking the safeguard job watching the children.  The parents or responsible adult can take alternate doing this job and without question be able to swim and preferably BCLS certified or someone at the gathering BCLS certified or even a doctor or nurse at the party is helpful.The CDC states that about 10 people per day die from unintentional drowning in the United States. Having cameras specifically for your outdoor pool area can help to provide a much safer space against the common causes of pool accidents. Since you are able to access your cameras from any smart phone, you will always be in the loop. While no amount of home security cameras can compensate for parental supervision when it comes to your young ones going for a swim, it is a great addition to help provide additional security.

July is one of the peak months for grilling fires. Enjoy grilling your favorite meals this summer while also keeping your family safe.

Regarding Grilling, this weekend and everytime you grill for safety always:

• Check gas grill hoses for cracks, holes and leaks.  To do this take soapy water and put it over the connection tube to the tank & if bubbles, Your Leaking.
• Keep children away from grills. Gas leaks, blocked tubes, and propane tanks can be a cause of grill fires and explosions.
• Never grill indoors, in the garage, in any enclosed area or on a surface that might catch fire.  Grill always outdoors.
• Keep the grill at least two feet away from decks, siding, branches and any outdoor equipment that can catch fire quickly.

More than 50,000 fires are caused by fireworks every year but now the news is saying we will have potential for the highest amount of people on the road to get where they want to celebrate the 4th of July this year due to lock up last year; so many will be going out to celebrate but know these tips if going out or even staying home.

Regarding proper precautions when operating fireworks:

• Never disassemble or try to make your own fireworks.

• Don’t point sparklers, or fireworks at yourself or others, especially while they’re being lit.

• Only light fireworks on the ground and in areas that are dry and fire-resistant.

• Don’t attempt to ignite fireworks at the same time.

• Never allow young children to handle fireworks or sparklers to prevent firework-related injuries.

• Always keep a portable fire extinguisher close by. Also, keep a water hose or buckets of water nearby to put out fires.

• If fireworks malfunction, don’t relight them! Douse and soak malfunctioning fireworks with water then throw them away.

Regarding your Pets:

• Resist the urge to bring your dog to a fireworks display. The safest place for them is at home where it’s familiar, quiet and not crowded.

“The strength of the sun’s UV rays reaching the ground depends on a number of factors, such as:

• Time of day: UV rays are strongest in the middle of the day, between 10 am and 4 pm.
• Season of the year: UV rays are stronger during spring and summer months. This is less of a factor near the equator.
• Distance from the equator (latitude): UV exposure goes down as you get further from the equator.
• Altitude: More UV rays reach the ground at higher elevations.
• Cloud cover: The effect of clouds can vary, but it’s important to know that UV rays can get through to the ground, even on a cloudy day.
• Reflection off surfaces: UV rays can bounce off surfaces like water, sand, snow, or pavement, leading to an increase in UV exposure.”

American Cancer Society (https://www.cancer.org/cancer/risk-prevention/sun-and-uv/uv-protection.html)

The Sun is by far the largest object in the solar system. It contains more than 99.8% of the total mass of the Solar System (Jupiter contains most of the rest).

It is often said that the Sun is an “ordinary” star. That’s true in the sense that there are many others similar to it. But there are many more smaller stars than larger ones; the Sun is in the top 10% by mass. The median size of stars in our galaxy is probably less than half the mass of the Sun. A process called fusion heats the Sun. Fusion happens in the core of the Sun. It is very hot there. In fact, the core’s average temperature is around 27,000,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The surface of the Sun is cool compared with the core, only 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit.

This fusion process not only heats the Sun, it makes the sunlight we see here on Earth. This sunlight travels the speed of light which is 186,282 miles per second or 299,792,458 meters per second. This means the light from the Sun takes 8.4 minutes to travel 93 million miles to Earth. If the world’s fastest land animal were to travel that same distance, it would take a cheetah over 151 years to reach the Earth running about 70 mph nonstop!

Ultraviolet radiation: Invisible rays that are part of the energy that comes from the sun. Ultraviolet radiation can burn the skin and cause skin cancer.

Ultraviolet radiation is made up of three types of rays — ultraviolet A, ultraviolet B, and ultraviolet C. Although ultraviolet C is the most dangerous type of ultraviolet light in terms of its potential to harm life on earth, it cannot penetrate earth’s protective ozone layer. Therefore, it poses no threat to human, animal or plant life on earth.

Ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B, on the other hand, do penetrate the ozone layer in attenuated form and reach the surface of the planet. Because ultraviolet A is weaker than ultraviolet B, scientists long blamed ultraviolet B as the sole culprit in causing skin cancer in persons with a history of sunburn and repeated overexposure to ultraviolet radiation. Recent research, however, has also implicated ultraviolet A as a possible cause of skin cancer.

Photosensitivity refers to various symptoms, diseases and conditions caused or aggravated by exposure to sunlight.

• A rash due to photosensitivity is a photodermatosis (plural photodermatoses).
• If the rash is eczematous, it is a photodermatitis.
• A chemical or drug that causes photosensitivity is a photosensitiser.
• A phototoxic reaction to a photosensitiser results in an exaggerated sunburn reaction and no immune reaction is involved.
• A photoallergic reaction to a photosensitiser results in photodermatitis and is due to delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
• A photoexacerbated condition describes a flare of an underlying skin disease on exposure to sunlight.

Photosensitivity is characterized into many groups:

• Polymorphic light eruption (PLE):

PLE generally affects adult females aged 20–40, although it sometimes affects children and males (25%). It is particularly common in places where sun exposure is uncommon, such as Northern Europe, where it is said to affect 10–20% of women holidaying in the Mediterranean area. It is less common in Australasia. It has also been reported to be relatively common at higher altitudes compared to sea level.

PLE can occur in all races and skin phototypes and may be more prevalent in skin of colour than in white skin. There is a genetic tendency to PLE, and it is sometimes associated with or confused with photosensitivity due to lupus erythematosus (which generally is more persistent than PLE).

Some patients experience PLE during phototherapy, which is used to treat skin conditions such as psoriasis and dermatitis.

There are three types of UV rays:

Ultraviolet A (UVA): UVA rays penetrate deep into the layers of the skin and lead to premature signs of aging, which include fine lines and wrinkles. It is important to note that the amount of UVA stays relatively consistent throughout the year, and exceeds the amount of UVB in both summer and winter. Even on a cloudy day, 80% of the sun’s UVA rays pass through the clouds and reach our skin and eyes. It’s also important to know that tanning beds work by emitting primarily UVA rays.

Ultraviolet B (UVB): UVB rays are the primary cause of sunburn, thickening of the skin, and several types of skin cancers – including melanoma. UVB rays penetrate the outermost layer of skin and cause damage to skin cells. UVB also can cause damage to eyes and the immune system.

Ultraviolet C (UVC): UVC is the strongest of the UV spectrum radiation. Fortunately, UVC rays do not reach the earth’s surface because it is blocked by the ozone layer of the atmosphere. The only way we can be exposed to UVC radiation is from an artifical source, such as a lamp or laser. UVC rays can cause severe skin burns and eye injuries even when exposed for only a few seconds. Since the penetration depth of UVC rays is very low, these injuries usually resolve within a week with virtually no risk of long-term health risks (skin cancer, cateracts, vision loss).

Causes:

Genetic factors may be important with many affected individuals reporting a family history of PLE. Native Americans have a hereditary form of PLE (actinic prurigo).

PLE is caused by a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to a compound in the skin that is altered by exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR leads to impaired T cell function and altered production of cytokines in affected individuals. There is a reduction in the normal UV-induced immune suppression in the skin. This has been suggested to be either due to oestrogen or deficiency of vitamin D.

The rash is usually provoked by UVA (in 90%). This means the rash can occur when the sunlight is coming through window glass, and that standard sunscreens may not prevent it. Occasionally, UVB and/or visible light provoke PLE.

PLE may be a rare occurrence in the individual concerned or may occur every time the skin is exposed to sunlight. In most affected individuals, it occurs each spring, provoked by several hours outside on a sunny day. If further sun exposure is avoided, the rash settles in a few days and is gone without a trace within a couple of weeks. It can recur next time the sun shines on the skin. However, if the affected area is exposed to more sun before it has cleared up, the condition tends to get more severe and extensive with longer to heal.

Stay tune tomorrow for part II on Ultralight rays from the Sun to Sunburn and Types of photosensitivity for some!

“The University of Michigan recommends the following: there are very bicycle-friendly communities. It is, however, very important that bicyclists (and motorists) understand the rules of the road and how to stay safe while biking in the city. With an abundance of restaurants and shops downtown and various city parks to explore. Did you know that city ordinances require motorists to stop for pedestrians who are at or in crosswalks?  Walk with a friend, use designated sidewalks or paths, cross at designated crosswalks and don’t just look at signs but use your eyes looking both ways also.As we make the switch from warm to hot weather, it’s important to take the time to review tips for staying safe in the heat.  This means wear sunscreen for skin protection, drink plenty of water, limit alcoholic beverages, dress in loose-fitting, lightweight and light-colored clothing, and limit exercise outdoors in extreme heat.Summertime is often paired with grilling outdoors so this means place grills a minimum of 36″ away from your home, deck railings, and out from under eaves and overhanging branches, set up your grill on a flat, stable surface to prevent tipping, operate your grill safely by checking for leaks and opening the lid before lighting, maintain your grill by cleaning and inspecting it regularly and always have a fire extinguisher nearby.  Of course don’t forget the supervision of children and pets in also establishing a safe zone of at least three feet around the grill, where children and pets are not allowed.”

Division of Public Safety and Security University of Michigan –  DPSS (https://news.dpss.umich.edu/2024/06/1391)

“May sound so basic but not always followed so as a reminder to let the public know the best way to prevent HIV is to understand how the virus is transmitted and take steps to reduce your risk. If you’re living with HIV, understanding these practices can help prevent transmission to others.

HIV can’t be transmitted through saliva or skin-to-skin contact, such as hugging or shaking hands. The virus can only be transmitted by exchanging certain bodily fluids, including genital secretions and blood.

As a result, transmission most frequently occurs during condomless sex or shared use of syringes and other drug injection equipment.

Adopting certain harm reduction strategies, including safer sex and safer substance use or better yet no substance use, can help reduce the risk of contracting or transmitting the virus.

Although you have up to 72 hours to begin PEP, the medication is less likely to be effective over time. Additional medication must also be taken consistently and correctly for 28 days.

If you don’t have a primary care doctor or another healthcare professional to reach out to, you may be able to get a prescription for PEP at your local: health department, sexual health clinic, urgent care center or emergency room.

Know approximately 1.2 million people in the United States have HIV, according to HIV.gov. Of those people, 13% do not know they have it.  In 2021, there were 1,086,806 people living with HIV in the U.S. In 2021, 36,126 people were newly diagnosed with HIV.“

healthline (https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/hiv-prevention?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_cmpid=20958361886&utm_adgid=156321296365&utm_adid=688286705703&utm_network=g&utm_device=c&utm_keyword=&utm_adpos=&utm_gclid=EAIaIQobChMI8fKFhNj0hgMV-2BHAR2JDwgDEAMYASAAEgL8BPD_BwE&gad_source=1&gclid=EAIaIQobChMI8fKFhNj0hgMV-2BHAR2JDwgDEAMYASAAEgL8BPD_BwE#takeaway)